Which federal law prohibits discrimination in housing based on several factors, including race and color?

The Fair Housing Act is the federal law that specifically prohibits discrimination in housing based on several factors, including race, color, religion, sex, national origin, familial status, and disability. Enacted in 1968 and amended several times since, this act aims to ensure that all individuals have equal access to housing opportunities, free from discrimination.

The act establishes a framework for preventing discriminatory practices in both the sale and rental of housing. It empowers individuals who believe they have been subjected to housing discrimination to file complaints and seek remedies, contributing to the broader civil rights movement by promoting equality in housing.

Other options, while related to civil rights and discrimination, target different areas. The Civil Rights Act primarily addresses discrimination based on race and national origin in various contexts, not specifically in housing. The Equal Credit Opportunity Act focuses on preventing discrimination in credit transactions, and the Housing and Urban Development Act relates to federal funding for urban development but does not serve the same function as the Fair Housing Act in terms of protecting individuals in housing transactions.